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Loss of stem cells correlates with premature aging in animal study
06-06-2007 · EurekAlert!Researchers at the Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute of the University of Pennsylvania have found that deleting a gene important in embryo development leads to premature aging and loss of stem cell reservoirs in adult mice. This gene, ATR, is essential for the body's response to damaged DNA, and mutations in proteins in the DNA damage response underlie certain types of cancer and other disorders in humans.
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Keywords: loss, stem, cells, correlates, premature, aging, animal, study, cell, correlate
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- Tumor-reactive T cells boosted by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
02-01-2007 · EurekAlert!
Treatment for skin cancer by infusion of tumor-reactive T cells requires patients to be pre-treated with agents that transiently decrease the number of immune cells (nonmyeloablative agents). A study in mice now indicates that pre-treatment with more intense immune cell-depleting strategies (known as myeloablative strategies) and a hematopoietic stem cell transplant enables infused tumor-reactive CD8+ T cells to increase in number more than pre-treatment with nonmyeloablative agents, and this correlates with increased tumor regression.
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- Human stem cell treatment restores motor function in paralyzed rats
05-30-2007 · EurekAlert!
Rats paralyzed due to loss of blood flow to the spine returned to near normal ambulatory function six weeks after receiving grafts of human spinal stem cells (hSSCs), researchers from the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine report. The study, led by Martin Marsala, M.D., UC San Diego professor of anesthesiology, is published in the June 29, 2007, issue of the journal Neuroscience, which is now online.
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- New insight into factors that drive muscle-building stem cells
01-08-2008 · EurekAlert!
A report in the January issue of Cell Metabolism, a publication of Cell Press, provides new evidence explaining how stem cells known as satellite cells contribute to building muscles up in response to exercise. These findings could lead to treatments for reversing or improving the muscle loss that occurs in diseases such as cancer and AIDS as well as in the normal aging process
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- Stroke victims may benefit from stem cell transplants
01-28-2008 · EurekAlert!
Two studies published in the current issue of Cell Transplantation examine the potential for cell transplants to benefit stroke victims. When injected into animal models and tracked via chemical tags and imaging, mensenchymal stem cells in one study, and bone marrow stromal cells in a second study, migrated within one to two weeks to affected brain areas and became therapeutically active. Both studies suggest that novel stem cell therapies can be developed.
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- Building stronger bones, 1 stem cell at a time
01-24-2008 · EurekAlert!
Mesenchymal stem cells are capable of giving rise to various cell types through a process known as differentiation. A new study has determined that the anti-tumor drug bortezomib targets MSCs and leads to bone cell-specific differentiation. These data led the authors to suggest that Bzb might be a novel therapy for bone loss in individuals with osteoporosis and those with cancers accompanied by severe bone disease, such as myeloma.
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- Master regulatory gene of epithelial stem cells identified
05-03-2007 · EurekAlert!
The skin's ability to replace the tissue it sloughs off is controlled by a variety of genes. A new study from Harvard Medical School published in the May 4 issue of Cell, however, identifies a "master regulator" of this regeneration process not only for skin, but for many epithelial tissues including breast, prostate, and urogenital tract. This master regulator of epithelial stem cells turns out to be the p63 gene, a close relative to the well-known tumor-suppressing p53 gene.
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- Researchers reveal repressor protein blocks neural stem cell development
10-10-2007 · EurekAlert!
A protein known to repress gene transcription at the molecular level in a variety of processes also blocks embryonic neural stem cells from differentiating into neurons, according to a study by University of California, San Diego and Howard Hughes Medical Institute researchers published online Oct. 10 in Nature.
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- Study identifies new regulator of fat metabolism
06-05-2007 · EurekAlert!
Over the past several years, animal studies have shown that high-fat, low-carbohydrate "ketogenic" diets cause demonstrable changes in metabolism and subsequent weight loss. Now, researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) have identified a key mechanism behind this turn of events. Their findings, which appear in the June 2007 issue of Cell Metabolism, demonstrate that a liver hormone known as FGF21 is required to oxidize fatty acids -- and thereby burn calories.
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- Type of stem cell found to reside in transplanted lungs
03-08-2007 · EurekAlert!
A new study involving a type of stem cells from the lungs of transplant patients demonstrates for the first time that these progenitor cells reside in adult organs and are not derived from bone marrow, which leads to the possibility that the cells may be able to help with the rejection of donated organs and with various kinds of lung disease.
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- Study reveals how stem cells decide to become either skeletal or smooth muscle
10-10-2007 · EurekAlert!
Researchers have discovered that a key protein controls how stem cells 'choose' to become either skeletal muscle cells that move limbs, or smooth muscle cells that support blood vessels. The results suggest new ways to treat atherosclerosis and cancer, diseases that involve the creation of new blood vessels from stem cell reserves that would otherwise replace worn out skeletal muscle.
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