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Weizmann scientists discover a new line of communication between nervous system cells
06-26-2007 · EurekAlert!Scientists have now provided a vital insight into the mechanism by which glial cells recognize and myelinate axons -- a discovery that may aid in restoring the normal function of the affected nerve fibers.
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Keywords: weizmann, scientists, discover, line, communication, nervous, system, cells, scientist, nervou, cell
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- Weizmann Institute scientists discover genes that can slow cell division and may fight cancer
02-26-2007 · EurekAlert!
When cells begin to divide, they also activate a "braking system" that eventually stops cell division. When this system is faulty, uncontrolled cell division and the growth of cancer can result. Weizmann Institute scientists have identified a number of the genes involved in this braking system. Identification of the exact factors causing uncontrolled cell division may lead to the development of advanced treatments for cancer.
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- Chemical cues turn embryonic stem cells into cerebellar neurons
03-14-2007 · EurekAlert!
Rockefeller University scientists show that embryonic stem cells implanted in the brain appear to develop into fully differentiated granule neurons, the most plentiful neuron in the cerebellum. The findings are a step toward understanding how embryonic stem cells could be regulated in vivo and ultimately used for cell replacement therapy, especially after childhood tumors, in the central nervous system.
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- Human embryonic stem cells derived from preimplantation genetically diagnosed embryos
11-14-2007 · EurekAlert!
A human stem cell line derived from embryos that were identified by preimplantation genetic diagnosis to carry the mutation for fragile X syndrome has provided an unprecedented view of early events associated with this disease. In addition to giving scientists fresh insight into fragile X, results from this unique model system have emphasized the value of this new source of embryonic stem cells and may have a significant impact on the way that genetic diseases are studied in the future.
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- Scientists identify switch for brain's natural anti-oxidant defense
10-19-2006 · EurekAlert!
Scientists at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute report they have found how the brain turns on a system designed to protect its nerve cells from toxic "free radicals," a waste product of cell metabolism that has been implicated in some degenerative brain diseases, heart attacks, strokes, cancer and aging.
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- Forsyth scientists gain new understanding of adult stem cell regulation
08-01-2007 · EurekAlert!
Forsyth Institute scientists have discovered an important mechanism for controlling the behavior of adult stem cells. Research with the flatworm, planaria, found a novel role for the proteins involved in cell-to-cell communication. This work has the potential to help scientists understand the nature of the messages that control stem cell regulation -- such as the message that maintain and tells a stem cell to specialize and to become part of an organ (e.g., liver or skin).
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- 'Lab on a chip' mimics brain chemistry
02-12-2008 · EurekAlert!
Johns Hopkins researchers from the Whiting School of Engineering and the School of Medicine have devised a micro-scale tool -- a lab on a chip -- designed to mimic the chemical complexities of the brain. The system should help scientists better understand how nerve cells in the brain work together to form the nervous system.
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- Immune cell communication key to hunting viruses, Jefferson immunologists show
10-25-2006 · EurekAlert!
Immunologists have used nanotechnology to create a novel "biosensor" to solve in part a perplexing problem in immunology: how the immune system's killer T-cells hunt down invading viruses. They have found that surprisingly little virus can turn on killer T-cells, thanks to some complicated communication among "antigen presenting" proteins that recognize and attach to the virus, making it visible to the immune system. Presenting proteins cooperate, spreading a signal among receptors and boosting T-cell response.
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- Researchers develop marker that identifies energy-producing centers in nerve cells
02-01-2007 · EurekAlert!
A protein that causes coral to glow is helping researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine to light up brain cells that are critical for the proper functioning of the central nervous system. This fluorescent marker protein may shed light on brain cell defects believed to play a role in various neurological diseases.
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- Weizmann Institute scientists discover a key player in embryonic muscle development
04-11-2007 · EurekAlert!
In the final stage of muscle fiber development, the cell membranes of attached myoblasts open up and fuse together, forming one large, unified cell. It is known how myoblasts identify other myoblasts and cling together, but the way that the cell membranes fuse into one has remained a mystery. Scientists have now discovered that a protein called WIP plays a key role in muscle cell fusion.
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- How sneaky HIV escapes cells
06-04-2007 · EurekAlert!
HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, uses a pre-existing transport system to leave one infected cell and infect new ones, Hopkins scientists have discovered. Their findings, published in the June issue of PLoS Biology, counter the prevailing belief that HIV and other retroviruses can only leave and enter cells by virus-specific mechanisms.
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