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Charting ever-changing genomes
07-19-2007 · EurekAlert!Instead of immutable proprietary software, any species' genetic information resembles open source code that is constantly tweaked and optimized to meet the users' specific needs. But which parts of the code have withstood the test of time and which parts have undergone rapid evolutionary change has been difficult to assess. An international collaboration of researchers developed a simple method to comb whole genomes for all the software fixes and security patches accumulated over time.
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Keywords: charting, ever-changing, genomes, ever, changing, genome
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- Sunflower speciation highlights roles for transposable elements in evolution
10-23-2006 · EurekAlert!
In a finding that furthers our understanding of how hybridization may contribute to genome changes and the evolution of new species, researchers have found that the genomes of three sunflower species that arose in evolution as hybrids of the same two parental types have undergone a massive proliferation of genetic entities known as transposable elements.
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- Analysis of rhesus monkey genome uncovers genetic differences with humans, chimps
04-12-2007 · EurekAlert!
An international consortium of researchers has published the genome sequence of the rhesus macaque monkey and aligned it with the chimpanzee and human genomes. Published April 13 in a special section of the journal Science, the analysis reveals that the three primate species share about 93 percent of their DNA, yet have some significant differences among their genes.
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- Mane event: Recombination in lion feline immunodeficiency virus
02-04-2008 · EurekAlert!
Parts of feline immunodeficiency virus isolated from wild lions have undergone substantial genetic recombination, says research published in the online open access journal BMC Genomics. The sequencing of the two full FIV genomes of different lion subtypes shows the importance of whole-genome analysis in understanding complex genetic events. These findings will be relevant to big cat conservation and developing more effective animal models for HIV.
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- Secrets revealed in sequencing of honey bee genome
10-25-2006 · EurekAlert!
What do fruit flies, mosquitoes, silk moths and honey bees have in common? First, they are all insects. Second, they have all had their genomes sequenced, a feat that will make it much easier to discern both similarities and differences.
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- 2-step process filters evolution of genes of human and chimpanzee
03-05-2007 · EurekAlert!
About 5,000 tiny differences play a key role in the evolutionary divergence between the human and chimpanzee genomes. Before a new mutation can take its place in the human genome it has to pass through a rigorous two-step screening process. In step one, the more radical randomly introduced changes are often harmful and quickly removed. In step two, the more radical the mutation, the faster it is likely to spread.
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- New plant study reveals a 'deeply hidden' layer of the transcriptome
12-27-2007 · EurekAlert!
Cells keep a close watch over the transcriptome -- the totality of all parts of the genome that are expressed in any given cell at any given time. Researchers at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies and the University of Missouri-Kansas City teamed up to peel back another layer of transcriptional regulation and gain new insight into how genomes work.
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- Comparative analyses of 12 fly genomes reveals new insights on genome evolution and regulation
11-07-2007 · EurekAlert!
Genome Research is publishing papers related to comparative analyses of 12 Drosophila (fly) genomes. The 12 fly genome project allows analyses of closely related species for a more complete and correct annotation of functional genes and regulatory elements in Drosophila melanogaster, a major model organism in genetics. These papers will appear online on Nov. 7, concurrent with the publication of two main papers on the comparative sequence analyses of twelve fly genomes in the journal Nature.
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- Hair untangles woolly mammoth puzzle
09-27-2007 · EurekAlert!
New research reveals that hair shafts provide an ideal source of ancient DNA -- a better source than bones and muscle for studying the genome sequences of extinct animals. The researchers' efficient methods yielded entire mitochondrial genomes from 10 woolly mammoths -- more such genomes of extinct animals than previously had been published. The research opens the door to obtaining mitochondrial genome sequences from other extinct species and to understanding how species of large mammals can go extinct.
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- Massive project reveals shortcomings of modern genome analysis
11-07-2007 · EurekAlert!
The sequencing and comparison of 12 fruit fly genomes -- the result of a massive collaboration of hundreds of scientists from more than 100 institutions in 16 countries -- has thrust forward researchers' understanding of fruit flies, a popular animal model in science. But even human genome biologists may want to take note: The project also has revealed considerable flaws in the way they identify genes.
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- Latest Integrated Microbial Genomes data management system update release
12-05-2007 · EurekAlert!
Version 2.4 of the Integrated Microbial Genomes data management system, a resource provided to the scientific community for microbial genome data analysis, has now been released. Hosted by the US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, IMG has built a popular following as reflected in the overwhelming response to IMG workshops offered in Spring 2008, now full. DOE JGI has added a fall session, Sept. 15-19.
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