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Conquest of land began in shark genome

University of Florida Genetics Institute scientists identify genetic activity in sharks required for the development of hands, feet, fingers and toes in limbed animals. The finding shows what was thought to be a relatively recent evolutionary innovation existed eons earlier than previously believed, potentially providing insight for scientists seeking ways to cure human birth defects.

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Keywords: conquest, land, began, shark, genome

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1. WUSTL researchers spearhead key genome initiative
   12-13-2007 · EurekAlert!
   The complete genome of a moss has been sequenced, providing scientists an important evolutionary link between single-celled algae and flowering plants, suggests a study published in the journal Science. A major landmark in understanding how plants originated, the moss genome sequencing offers insight into the conquest of land by plants and sheds light on the evolution of the plant kingdom, says study co-author Ralph S. Quatrano, a biology professor at Washington University in St. Louis.
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2. DOE JGI Community Sequencing Program delivers first moss genome
   12-13-2007 · EurekAlert!
   Messages from nearly a half-billion years ago, conveyed via the inventory of genes sequenced from a present-day moss, provide clues about the earliest colonization of dry land by plants. The US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, was among the leaders of an international effort to complete the sequence of the first nonvascular land plant, the moss Physcomitrella patens, published Dec. 13 online in Science Express.
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3. Moss genome shows how plants invaded the land and learned to survive heat and drought
   12-13-2007 · EurekAlert!
   A dainty yet ephemeral moss is the latest organism to have its genome sequenced, providing scientists with keys to the genetic changes that allowed aquatic plants to venture onto land. The genes for tolerance to desiccation, for example, may aid researchers seeking to develop drought-tolerant biofuel feedstocks. Proposed by UC Berkeley and Washington University botanists, the moss genome sequencing was conducted by DOE's Joint Genome Institute and annotated by scientists from more than 40 institutions.
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4. Bony vertebrate evolution: Elephant sharks closer to humans than teleost fish
   04-02-2007 · EurekAlert!
   The cartilaginous elephant shark has a basal phylogenetic position useful for understanding jawed vertebrate evolution. Survey sequencing of its genome identified four Hox clusters, suggesting that, unlike for teleost fishes, no additional whole-genome duplication has occurred.
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5. CU researchers discover evidence of very recent human adaptation
   07-11-2007 · EurekAlert!
   A Cornell University study of genome sequences in African-Americans, European-Americans and Chinese suggests that natural selection has caused as much as 10 percent of the human genome to change in some populations in the last 15,000 to 100,000 years, when people began migrating from Africa.
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6. Scientists Make Atomic Clock Breakthrough
   10-13-2006 · ScienceDaily
   Andrei Derevianko, Kyle Beloy, and Ulyana Safronova sat down six months ago and began work on a calculation that will help the world keep better time. In competition with scientists at the University of New South Wales, the University team led by associate professor Derevianko conducted research that increased the accuracy of atomic clocks, and they did it without running a single experiment.
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7. Young and Restless: Ancient Earth shows moving crust
   03-24-2007 · Science News Online
   The oldest rocks in the world show that Earth's shifting crust began its tectonic movements almost 4 billion years ago.
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8. Progesterone treatment does not prevent preterm birth in twin pregnancy
   08-01-2007 · EurekAlert!
   Progesterone therapy does not reduce the chances of preterm birth in women pregnant with twins. After an initial study showed progesterone therapy could reduce the likelihood of preterm birth in women carrying a single baby and who had previously given birth prematurely, many physicians began prescribing the therapy for women pregnant with twins and for other categories of women at risk for preterm birth as well.
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9. Study reveals that nitrogen fertilizers deplete soil organic carbon
   10-29-2007 · EurekAlert!
   The common practice of adding nitrogen fertilizer is believed to benefit the soil by building organic carbon, but four University of Illinois soil scientists dispute this view based on analyses of soil samples from the Morrow Plots that date back to before the current practice began.
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10. Genome Buzz: Honeybee DNA raises social questions
    10-28-2006 · Science News Online
    Scientists have officially unveiled the DNA code of the western honeybee, the first genome to be sequenced for an animal with ultrastratified societies.
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