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Genes, brain chemistry may dictate nicotine cravings, says CU-Boulder study
11-06-2007 · EurekAlert!Individual brain chemistry and genes could be key to understanding why some people become addicted to nicotine and why the chemical compound's effects appear to diminish at night, University of Colorado at Boulder researchers say.
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Keywords: genes, brain, chemistry, dictate, nicotine, cravings, cu-boulder, study, gene, craving, boulder
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- Children with gene show reduced cognitive function
11-05-2007 · EurekAlert!
Children possessing a gene known to increase Alzheimer's disease risk already show signs of reduced cognitive function, an Oregon Health & Science University study has found. Scientists discovered that 7- to 10-year-olds with a member of a family of genes implicated in development, nerve cell regeneration and neuroprotection display reduced spatial learning and memory, associated with later-life cognitive impairments. This suggests brain changes predisposing a person to Alzheimer's might occur much sooner than previously thought.
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- New research identifies gene important for nicotine's effects on the brain
12-05-2006 · EurekAlert!
New research identifies an important gene that influences several aspects of nicotine-induced behaviors in the brain. The study, funded by National Institutes of Drug Abuse, was presented today at the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology's Annual Meeting.
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- New neuroimaging study identifies 'brain signature' for cigarette cravings
12-18-2007 · EurekAlert!
A new brain imaging study by researchers in the Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania shows that cigarette cravings in smokers who are deprived of nicotine are linked with increased activation in specific regions of the brain. Using a novel method of measuring brain blood flow developed at Penn, this study is the first to show how abstinence from nicotine produces brain activation patterns that relate to urges to smoke.
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- Genes may interact with obstetric complications to boost schizophrenia risk
01-14-2008 · EurekAlert!
Researchers have proposed that such birth traumas may interact with certain gene variants to increase risk for the illness. Now, a new study by researchers at the National Institute of Mental health has identified specific genes involved in such interactions. Obstetric complications appeared to increase the impact of versions of genes affected by loss of oxygen or blood supply to the brain, as often occurs in such birth traumas.
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- Mayo Clinic study unveils unprecedented method to predict ALS, Parkinson's disease
01-15-2008 · EurekAlert!
A new Mayo Clinic study details an unprecedented method to predict brain aging disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. Investigators studied common variations within axon guidance pathway genes and identified several gene variations (DNA fingerprints) that collectively predicted people who are at a high risk for ALS (2,000 times greater than the average risk).
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- Genetic variation helps to understand predisposition to schizophrenia
08-09-2007 · EurekAlert!
Scientists have provided new insight into how a gene is related to schizophrenia. In a study to be published in the Aug. 17 issue of the Journal of Biological Chemistry, the scientists describe for the first time a genetic variation that causes a gene to be overexpressed in the human brain. These results may provide a new way to design better drugs to treat schizophrenia.
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- Researchers Uncover Critical Player In Cell Communication
10-06-2006 · ScienceDaily
Johns Hopkins researchers have teased out the function of a protein implicated in Williams-Beuren syndrome, a rare cognitive disorder associated with overly social behavior and lack of spatial awareness. Called TFII-I, or TF "two eye," the protein long known to help control a cell's genes also controls how much calcium a cell takes in, a function critical for all cells, including nerves in the brain. The study will be published this week in Science.
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- Silencing the cause of mad cow disease
12-01-2006 · EurekAlert!
BSE (more commonly known as mad cow disease) and CJD, a related disease in humans, are fatal neurodegenerative diseases caused by accumulation in the brain of an abnormally folded version (PrPsc) of a natural protein (PrPc). Although there are currently no therapies for the treatment of these diseases, a new study indicates that in mice silencing the gene encoding PrPc using a technique known as RNAi markedly delays the onset of PrPsc accumulation and disease.
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- Cortex area thinner in youth with Alzheimer's-related gene
04-23-2007 · EurekAlert!
A part of the brain first affected by Alzheimer's disease is thinner in youth with a risk gene for the disorder, a brain imaging study has found. A thinner entorhinal cortex may render these youth more susceptible to degenerative changes and mental decline later in life. This learning and memory hub is thinner in youth with the Alzheimer's-releated ApoE4 variant of the apolipoprotein gene, perhaps lowering the threshold for adverse consequences with aging-related tissue loss.
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- Scripps research study reveals mechanism behind nicotine dependency
10-01-2007 · EurekAlert!
Many more people try to quit smoking than succeed in giving up this nicotine-delivering habit. Now, a group of scientists at the Scripps Research Institute has identified one neurobiological mechanism that contributes to nicotine dependence, and to the anxiety and craving experienced upon withdrawal. The findings also suggest a new approach to developing drugs that could help smokers quit.
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