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Brain matures a few years late in ADHD, but follows normal pattern
11-12-2007 · EurekAlert!In youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, the brain matures in a normal pattern but is delayed three years in some regions, on average, compared to youth without the disorder, MRI scans reveal. The delay in ADHD was most prominent in regions at the front of the brain’s outer mantle important for thinking and attention. Both groups showed a similar back-to-front wave of brain maturation with different areas peaking in thickness at different times.
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- Brain networks strengthened by closing ion channels
04-20-2007 · EurekAlert!
Yale School of Medicine and University of Crete School of Medicine researchers report in Cell April 20 the first evidence of a molecular mechanism that dynamically alters the strength of higher brain network connections involved in working memory. This discovery may help the development of drug therapies for the cognitive deficits of normal aging, and for cognitive changes in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
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- Novel 3-D cell culture model shows selective tumor uptake of nanoparticles
08-23-2007 · EurekAlert!
A novel cell culture model consisting of an aggregate of brain tumor cells growing on normal thin slices of brain tissue has been developed to investigate tumor properties and therapy. The tumor cells showed a similar invasion pattern to that seen when growing in patients. When nanoparticles made from a new type of polymer were added to the co-culture, the nanoparticles were taken up more by the tumor cells than the normal brain cells.
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- Improvement following ADHD treatment sustained in most children
07-20-2007 · EurekAlert!
Most children treated in a variety of ways for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder showed sustained improvement after three years, in a major follow-up study. Yet increased risk for behavioral problems, including delinquency and substance use, remained higher than normal. Initial advantages of medication management alone or in combination with behavioral treatment over purely behavioral or routine community care waned in the years after 14 months of controlled treatment ended.
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- 'Smart' mice teach scientists about learning process, brain disorders
05-27-2007 · EurekAlert!
Mice genetically engineered to lack a single enzyme in their brains are more adept at learning than their normal cousins, and are quicker to figure out that their environment has changed, a team led by researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center has found.
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- New clues to stroke role in Alzheimer's
06-06-2007 · EurekAlert!
Researchers have discovered key details of how stroke or traumatic brain injury can trigger Alzheimer's disease by enhancing formation of brain-clogging amyloid plaques. Their experiments established that "executioner" enzymes that kill brain cells during stroke or head trauma also interfere with the normal disposal of an enzyme that helps generate plaque. This interference increases the level of the enzyme in brain cells, they found.
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- New insight into childhood metabolic disease
10-11-2007 · EurekAlert!
Glutaric acidemia type I is an inherited disorder similar to Huntington disease. In most, but not all, affected children, a period of normal development is followed by an irreversible brain injury triggered by a nonspecific illness. New research using a mouse model of GA-I has provided insight into the mechanisms underlying injury and age-dependent susceptibility to the disease and suggested a way to monitor children with the disease.
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- New study finds blood-spinal cord barrier compromised in mice with ALS
11-20-2007 · EurekAlert!
The blood-spinal cord barrier is functionally impaired in areas of motor neuron damage in mice modeling amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, report researchers at the University of South Florida Center for Aging and Brain Repair. The barrier disruption was found in mice at both early and late stages of ALS, a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord. The study appears in the online, open-access journal PLoS ONE.
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- Jefferson neuroscientists find early lead exposure impedes recovery from brain injury
12-03-2007 · EurekAlert!
Exposure to lead can hinder the brain's ability to recover from injury, a recent study shows. Researchers compared the ability to recover from a brain injury in two groups of young rats. One group was fed a diet supplemented with lead, while the other had a normal diet. Each rat was then given a small stroke that affected a hind limb. The lead-exposed animals recovered much more poorly after a brief period of time.
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- Micro molecules can identify pancreatic cancer
01-10-2007 · EurekAlert!
A pattern of micro molecules can distinguish pancreatic cancer from normal and benign pancreatic tissue, new research suggests. The study examined human pancreatic tumor tissue and compared it to nearby normal tissue and control tissue for levels of microRNA (miRNA). It identified about 100 different miRNAs that are present usually at very high levels in the tumor tissue.
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- ADHD Appears to Be Associated With Depressed Dopamine Activity in the Brain
08-06-2007 · Brookhaven National Laboratory
Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show a blunted response to the drug methylphenidate (Ritalin), which increases brain dopamine levels. This suggests that dopamine dysfunction may be involved with ADHD symptoms and may contribute to substance abuse that often occurs simultaneously.
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