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Sea otter study reveals striking variability in diets and feeding strategies
01-14-2008 · EurekAlert!Ecologists have long observed that when food becomes scarce, animal populations exploit a wider range of food sources. So scientists studying southern sea otters at different sites in California's coastal waters were not surprised to find that the dietary diversity of the population is higher where food is limited. But this diversity was not reflected in the diets of individual sea otters, which instead showed dietary specialization in response to limited food.
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- Genetic map offers new tool for malaria research
12-10-2006 · EurekAlert!
An international research team has created a genome-wide map that charts the genetic variability of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. The study reveals striking variation within the pathogen's genome, and lays the foundation for dissecting the functions of important parasite genes and for tracing the global spread of malaria. Already, the tool has helped to unearth novel genes that may underlie resistance to current drugs against malaria.
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- Study of malaria parasites reveals new parasitic states
11-28-2007 · EurekAlert!
Although malaria parasites have undergone extensive laboratory study, relatively little is known about how they behave in humans to cause disease. Newly published data from a study of malaria-infected human blood reveal two biological states of the parasite Plasmodium falciparum not observed under laboratory conditions. This information may help scientists develop new strategies for treating malaria.
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- Study: weight-loss tips differ in African-American, mainstream magazines
01-14-2008 · EurekAlert!
Magazines catering to African-Americans may be falling short in their efforts to educate readers about weight loss, a new University of Iowa study suggests.African-American women's magazines are more likely to encourage fad diets and rely on faith to lose weight, while mainstream women's magazines focus more on evidence-based diet strategies, according to the study by UI researcher Shelly Campo, published in a recent issue of the journal Health Communication.
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- A buffet for early human relatives
11-09-2006 · EurekAlert!
University of Utah scientists improved a method of testing fossil teeth, and showed that early human relatives varied their diets with the seasons 1.8 million years ago, eating leaves and fruit when available in addition to seeds, roots, tubers and perhaps grazing animals. The study shows that the variability in human diet has been "in the family" for a very long time.
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- Study reports changing to a low-fat diet can induce stress
04-17-2007 · EurekAlert!
Changing one's diet to lose weight is often difficult. There may be physical and psychological effects that reduce the chances for success. With nearly 65 percent of the adult population currently classified as overweight or obese investigating factors that contribute to dieting failures is an important effort. In a study in the May 1 issue of Biological Psychiatry, researchers found that mice withdrawn from high-fat or high-carbohydrates diets became anxious and showed changes in their brains indicating higher stress levels.
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- Kids at risk: Assessing diet and exercise behaviors in adolescents
01-26-2007 · EurekAlert!
Do adolescents get enough exercise and eat the right foods? Is there too much fat in their diets? In a study published in the February 2007 issue of the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, researchers analyzed the behavior of almost 900 11-to-15 year-olds and found that nearly 80 percent had multiple physical activity and dietary risk behaviors, almost half had at least three risk behaviors, and only 2 percent met all four of the health guidelines in the study.
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- Cancer risks for urban African-American women grow, healthy diets more difficult to maintain
11-28-2007 · EurekAlert!
Women living in the inner city have difficulty meeting dietary goals that could help prevent cancer, according to a report from Johns Hopkins University researchers. In a study of African-American women living in public housing within Washington, DC, the researchers found that the majority met one -- or none -- of five dietary goals suggested to reduce the risk of developing cancer. In particular, these women were unlikely to eat a healthy diet that included the recommended amount of fresh fruits and vegetables.
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- UMass Medical School study finds patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease continue poor diets
01-30-2008 · EurekAlert!
More than 13 million Americans have survived a heart attack or have been diagnosed with coronary heart disease, the number one cause of death in the United States. In addition to medications, lifestyle changes, such as a healthy diet and exercise, are known to reduce the risk for subsequent cardiac events. Despite this evidence, a high proportion of heart attack survivors do not follow their doctor's advice to adhere to a healthy diet.
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- Personalized diets may offer relief to advanced cancer patients
03-09-2007 · EurekAlert!
Researchers at the University of Alberta studying the effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy on the senses report that most advanced cancer patients experience unique and persistent taste and smell abnormalities, believed to be a key factor in malnutrition and poor quality of life. Their study suggests that every patient with chemosensory dysfunction has unique symptoms, and a diet tailored to his/her needs would likely improve quality of life.
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- High cholesterol diets modify gene expression in atherosclerosis
06-12-2007 · EurekAlert!
Scientists from the department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 1 of the University of Granada have proven that a high cholesterol diet causes changes in gene expression of chicken aortic smooth muscle cells at the early stages of an experimental atherosclerosis. This study associates cholesterol intake with the expression of genes codifying certain proteins, even before the disease is detected on blood vessel walls.
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