Daily non-political popular news in brief.
Morphine dependency blocked by single genetic change
01-28-2008 · EurekAlert!Morphine's serious side effect as a pain killer -- its potential to create dependency -- has been almost completely eliminated in research with mice by genetically modifying a single trait on the surface of neurons. The study scientists think a drug can be developed to similarly block dependency.
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Keywords: morphine, dependency, blocked, single, genetic, change
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- Genome study shines light on genetic link to height
09-02-2007 · EurekAlert!
Using a new "genome-scanning" method, a team of scientists has identified the first robust link between genes and stature in humans. A single letter change in a gene called HMGA2 enables people who carry it to gain as much as a centimeter in height. The work provides insights into how genes hardwire growth in humans and suggests that finding additional height-related genes may be feasible.
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- Genetic mutation alters response to heart failure drugs
01-02-2007 · EurekAlert!
Drugs known as beta blockers help reduce the heart's workload during heart failure via their action on beta-adrenergic receptors in cardiac cells. However, doctors remain puzzled by the variable responses to beta blockers among patients. Researchers now show that the key to this variation lies in a single amino acid change in the beta1-adrenergic receptor, that may differ from person to person, which alters the receptor's conformation and the receptor's response to certain beta blockers.
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- Global climate change: The impact of El Niño on Galápagos marine iguanas
12-11-2007 · EurekAlert!
A before-and-after study led by Yale biologists, of the effects of 1997 El Niño on the genetic diversity of marine iguanas on the Galápagos Islands, emphasizes the importance of studying populations over time and the need to determine which environmental and biological factors make specific populations more vulnerable than others.
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- Study identifies multiple genetic risk factors for prostate cancer
04-01-2007 · EurekAlert!
A study led by researchers at the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California and Harvard Medical School has identified seven genetic risk factors that predict risk for prostate cancer. According to the study's findings, these risk factors are clustered in a single region of the human genome on chromosome 8 and powerfully predict a man's probability of developing prostate cancer.
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- New research proves single origin of humans in Africa
07-18-2007 · EurekAlert!
New research published in the journal Nature July 19 has proved the single origin of humans theory by combining studies of global genetic variations in humans with skull measurements across the world. The research, at the University of Cambridge and funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, represents a final blow for supporters of a multiple origins of humans theory.
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- Dramatic shift from simple to complex marine ecosystems occurred 250M years ago at mass extinction
11-23-2006 · EurekAlert!
The biggest mass extinction did more than eliminate species: It fundamentally changed the basic ecology of the oceans. Ecologically complex marine communities displaced simple communities, setting a pattern that has continued ever since.This striking change has escaped detection because previous research relied on single numbers -- such as the number of species alive at one time -- to track diversity. New research examines the relative abundance of marine life forms in communities over 540 million years.
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- People at genetic risk for Alzheimer's age mentally just like noncarriers
01-07-2007 · EurekAlert!
Australian researchers say that a genotype that heightens the risk for Alzheimer's disease does not contribute to cognitive change during most of adulthood. The largest study of its kind has found that carriers and noncarriers show the same type and extent of normal age-related cognitive declines, decades before carriers start to more often develop symptoms of dementia. The findings suggest that the higher-risk genotype acts only in later years to layer disease on top of normal aging.
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- Molecular detectors may refine cancer treatment
07-19-2007 · EurekAlert!
University of Florida scientists used short, single strands of genetic material called aptamers to bind to cells and molecules associated with leukemia, finding evidence that slight molecular differences can exist in patient samples.
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- Individual differences caused by shuffled chunks of DNA in the human genome
09-27-2007 · EurekAlert!
A study by Yale researchers offers a new view of what causes the greatest genetic variability among individuals -- suggesting that it is due less to single point mutations than to the presence of structural changes that cause extended segments of the human genome to be missing, rearranged or present in extra copies.
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- Fragile X retardation syndrome corrected in mice
12-19-2007 · EurekAlert!
Researchers working with mice have significantly alleviated a wide range of abnormalities due to fragile X syndrome by altering only a single gene, countering the effects of the fragile X mutation. They said their achievement offers the potential for treatment of the disorder, the most common form of inherited mental retardation and a leading identified genetic cause of autism. There is currently no treatment or therapy for fragile X syndrome, whose symptoms include mental retardation, epilepsy and abnormal body growth.
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