Daily non-political popular news in brief.

Swarm approach to photography

A new approach to cleaning up digital photos and other images has been developed by researchers in the UK and Jordan. The research, published recently in Inderscience's International Journal of Innovative Computing and Applications uses a computer algorithm known as a PSO to intelligently boost contrast and detail in an image without distorting the underlying features.

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1. Gene Signatures Match Cancer And Other Diseases With Potentially Effective Drugs
   09-29-2006 · ScienceDaily
   In one of the most ambitious spinoffs of the human genome project, researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Children's Hospital Boston, the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, and other collaborating centers have unveiled a new, systematic approach to drug discovery that matches diseases with potential treatments using a universal language based on cells' distinctive gene activity profiles, or "signatures."
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2. New study warns against linking ethnic identity to breast cancer genes
   10-26-2006 · EurekAlert!
   Genetic research over the past decade has linked Ashkenazi Jewish ethnicity to an increased risk for hereditary breast cancer, so much so that certain gene mutations have become known as "Jewish ancestral mutations." But a new study released in the November issue of The American Journal of Public Health challenges this approach, warning that disparities in access to care and other unintended consequences can, and have, resulted.
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3. Photo favourite: ATV rendezvous simulation
   11-13-2006 · European Space Agency (ESA)
   A choice from our ESA photo galleries
   
   Tests conducted at Val de Reuil, France, to simulate the rendezvous of the Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV) with the International Space Station (ISS). Sensors mounted on an articulated industrial robotic arm (image) acted as the ATV, whilst a 120-tonne mobile platform represented the ISS. During simulations the platform was made to approach the robotic arm in a motion identical to the one expected when the real vehicles rendezvous in space next year.
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4. Infectious disease researchers develop basis for experimental melanoma treatment
   12-07-2006 · EurekAlert!
   While investigating a fungus known to cause an infection in people with AIDS, two grantees of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, part of the National Institutes of Health, unexpectedly discovered a potential strategy for treating metastatic melanoma, one of the deadliest forms of skin cancer. The treatment approach, which involves combining an antibody with radiation, has since been further developed and is expected to enter early-stage human clinical studies in 2007.
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5. Lessons from Vioxx case -- New approach needed to restore faith in pharmaceutical industry
   01-19-2007 · EurekAlert!
   The pharmaceutical industry, academia and government agencies need to work together to restore faith in drug development, say doctors in this weeks' BMJ. They argue that the recent litigation over the drug Vioxx, produced by Merck and Co. Inc., has highlighted the failings of the current system, which can be open to abuse.
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6. Navigable nanotransport
   02-06-2007 · EurekAlert!
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7. Potential for malaria transmission higher than previously thought
   02-19-2007 · EurekAlert!
   A new mathematical approach applied to 121 human populations infected with malaria revises the basic reproductive number -- an indication of the transmission intensity -- up by an order of magnitude, with serious implications for effective malaria control.
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8. New program aims to overhaul the Internet
   03-14-2007 · EurekAlert!
   The Internet is enough of a marvel that most people would never ask, ''Is this really how we would build it if we could design it all today?'' But asking that very question is the job of a broad-based team of Stanford researchers. Taking a nothing-is-sacred approach to better meet human communications needs, this month they are launching a new program called the Clean Slate Design for the Internet.
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9. New chemistry approach promises less expensive drugs
   03-29-2007 · EurekAlert!
   With a newly discovered method of assembling organic molecules, chemists may have found a way to sidestep many of the expensive and hazardous barriers that stand in the way of drug development. The new approach allows scientists to synthesize molecules without employing toxic catalysts, and it also does not generate alternate versions of drug molecules that can damage the body, two perennial issues that plague the manufacturing process.
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10. UCLA scientists design new super-hard material
    04-19-2007 · EurekAlert!
    Ultra-hard materials are used for everything from drills that bore for oil and build new roads to scratch-resistant coatings for precision instruments and the face of your watch. UCLA scientists are now reporting a promising new approach to designing super-hard materials, which are very difficult to scratch or crack. Their findings appear in the April 20 issue of the journal Science.
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