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Weighty Evidence

Connections between the family of insulin hormones and cancer have been suspected for more than 2 decades, and today, drug companies are testing anticancer drugs based on the actions of an insulin cousin.

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1. Food Restriction Increases Dopamine Receptor Levels in Obese Rats
   10-25-2007 · Brookhaven National Laboratory
   A brain-imaging study of genetically obese rats conducted at Brookhaven provides more evidence that dopamine - a brain chemical associated with reward, pleasure, movement, and motivation - plays a role in obesity. Scientists found that genetically obese rats had lower levels of dopamine D2 receptors than lean rats. They also demonstrated that restricting food intake can increase the number of D2 receptors, partially attenuating a normal decline associated with aging.
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2. D-cycloserine reduces cocaine-seeking behavior in 'addicted' mice
   11-06-2007 · EurekAlert!
   Scientists at the US Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory provide further evidence that a drug known as D-cycloserine could play a role in helping to extinguish the craving behaviors associated with drug addiction. Their study found that mice treated with D-cycloserine were less likely to spend time in an environment where they had previously been trained to expect cocaine than mice treated with a placebo.
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3. New guideline for how to treat a person's first unprovoked seizure
   11-19-2007 · EurekAlert!
   A guideline developed by the American Academy of Neurology recommends a routine electroencephalogram and brain scans be considered when diagnosing and treating adults who experience their first unprovoked seizure. Evidence shows such tools often detect brain abnormalities that caused the seizure and predict seizure recurrence. The guideline is published in the Nov. 20, 2007, issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
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4. System of simplified, standardized dosing instructions for prescription drug labels proposed
   11-28-2007 · EurekAlert!
   At today's Sixth Annual National Health Communication Conference co-sponsored by the American College of Physicians Foundation and the Institute of Medicine, Alastair J.J. Wood, M.D., F.A.C.P., proposed an evidence-based system of simplified, standardized dosing instructions for prescription medication container labels.
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5. Most ancient case of tuberculosis found in 500,000-year-old human; points to modern health issues
   12-07-2007 · EurekAlert!
   Although most scientists believe tuberculosis emerged only several thousand years ago, new research from the University of Texas at Austin reveals the most ancient evidence of the disease has been found in a 500,000-year-old human fossil from Turkey.The discovery of the new specimen of the human species, Homo erectus, suggests support for the theory that dark-skinned people who migrate northward from low, tropical latitudes produce less vitamin D, which can adversely affect the immune system as well as the skeleton.
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6. New study suggests why vaccines directed against cancer, HIV don't work
   12-13-2007 · EurekAlert!
   Researchers from the University of Missouri and Imperial College London have found evidence suggesting why vaccines directed against the virus that causes AIDS and many cancers do not work. This research is being published in the Dec. 14 edition of the Journal of Biological Chemistry.
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7. MIT, Harvard offer solution to Mars enigma
   12-21-2007 · EurekAlert!
   Planetary scientists have puzzled for years over an apparent contradiction on Mars. Abundant evidence points to an early warm, wet climate on the red planet, but there’s no sign of the widespread carbonate rocks, such as limestone, that should have formed in such a climate.
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8. UCLA scientists identify new genetic link to autism
   01-10-2008 · EurekAlert!
   UCLA scientists used language onset -- the age when a child speaks his first word -- as a tool for identifying a new gene linked to autism. The team also discovered that the gene is most active in developing brain regions involved with language and thought. Interestingly, evidence for the genetic link came from the DNA of families with autistic boys, not those with autistic girls.
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9. People not always needed to alleviate loneliness
   01-18-2008 · EurekAlert!
   New research at the University of Chicago finds evidence for a clever way that people manage to alleviate the pain of loneliness: They create people in their surroundings to keep them company. "Biological reproduction is not a very efficient way to alleviate one's loneliness, but you can make up people when you're motivated to do so," said Nicholas Epley, Assistant Professor of Behavioral Science at the University of Chicago's Graduate School of Business.
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10. Sickness and Schizophrenia: Psychotic ills tied to previous infections
    01-26-2008 · Science News Online
    Two new studies provide evidence for the longstanding suspicion that certain viral infections early in life promote the development of schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders.
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