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Scientists expand microbe 'gene language'
03-01-2007 · EurekAlert!An international group of scientists has expanded the universal language for the genes of both disease-causing and beneficial microbes and their hosts. This expanded "lingua franca," called the Gene Ontology (GO), gives researchers a common set of terms to describe the interactions between a microbe and its host.
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Keywords: scientists, expand, microbe, gene, language, scientist
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- Uniform language for describing genes of pathogenic and beneficial microbes
02-28-2007 · EurekAlert!
An international group of scientists has announced a major expansion of a lingua franca used to describe the activities of genes in living organisms. The expansion provides terms that scientists can use to describe the complex events that occur when a pathogenic or beneficial microbe encounters its host. Understanding these events is crucial for developing new interventions for preventing infections by disease-causing microbes while preserving or encouraging the presence of beneficial microbes.
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- UCLA scientists identify new genetic link to autism
01-10-2008 · EurekAlert!
UCLA scientists used language onset -- the age when a child speaks his first word -- as a tool for identifying a new gene linked to autism. The team also discovered that the gene is most active in developing brain regions involved with language and thought. Interestingly, evidence for the genetic link came from the DNA of families with autistic boys, not those with autistic girls.
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- Neandertals, humans share key changes to 'language gene'
10-18-2007 · EurekAlert!
A new study published online on Oct. 18 in Current Biology reveals that adaptive changes in a human gene involved in speech and language were shared by our closest extinct relatives, the Neandertals. The finding reveals that the human form of the gene arose much earlier than scientists had estimated previously. It also raises the possibility that Neandertals possessed some of the prerequisites for language.
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- Why small dogs are small
04-05-2007 · EurekAlert!
Soon after humans began domesticating dogs 12,000 to 15,000 years ago, they started breeding small canines. Now, scientists from the University of Utah and seven other institutions have identified a piece of doggy DNA that reduces the activity of a growth gene, ensuring that small breeds stay small.
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- 'Exercise pill' switches on gene that tells cells to burn fat
04-29-2007 · EurekAlert!
By giving ordinary adult mice a drug -- a synthetic designed to mimic fat -- scientists are now able to chemically switch on PPAR-d, the master regulator that controls the ability of cells to burn fat. Even when the mice are not active, turning on the chemical switch activates the same fat-burning process that occurs during exercise. The resulting shift in energy balance (calories in, calories burned) makes the mice resistant to weight gain on a high fat diet.
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- Mice, men make livers differently
05-21-2007 · EurekAlert!
Scientists often study mice as a model for human biology and disease, because their basic biological processes are assumed to be essentially the same as those of humans. But now, a team of MIT researchers has uncovered a surprising difference. In a study of gene regulation in mouse and human liver cells, they found that master regulatory proteins function in very different ways in mice and humans.
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- Defects in critical gene lead to accelerated lung tumor growth
08-05-2007 · EurekAlert!
Scientists at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine and Harvard Medical School have found that a mutated tumor suppressor gene, LKB1, may result in lung tumors that are more aggressive and more likely to spread throughout the body.
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- Einstein researchers use novel approach to uncover genetic components of aging
08-24-2007 · EurekAlert!
People who live to 100 or more are known to have just as many -- and sometimes even more -- harmful gene variants compared with younger people. Now, scientists at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University have discovered the secret behind this paradox: favorable "longevity" genes that protect very old people from the bad genes' harmful effects. The novel method used by the researchers could lead to new drugs to protect against age-related diseases.
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- Naked mole-rats bear chili pepper heat
01-28-2008 · EurekAlert!
Scientists have used gene therapy to restore sensation in naked mole-rats, strange rodents that lack a key neurotransmitter that causes prolonged pain perception in other mammals. The finding may lead to new analgesics for people with chronic pain who do not respond to current medication.
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- Scientists decode genome of tuberculosis microbe
11-26-2007 · Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
An international collaboration led by researchers in the US and South Africa announced Nov. 20 the first genome sequence of an extensively drug resistant (XDR) strain of the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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