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Researchers hot on the trail of brain cell degeneration
03-19-2007 · EurekAlert!A research team headed by Academy Research Fellow Michael Courtney has identified a new molecular pathway in neurons. The pathway is a factor in the degeneration of brain cells, which in turn plays an important role in neurological conditions and diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy and stroke.
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Keywords: researchers, hot, trail, brain, cell, degeneration, researcher
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- Hot on the TRAIL of controlling inflammation in bacterial meningitis
06-14-2007 · EurekAlert!
In a study appearing online on June 14 in advance of publication in the July print issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation, researchers at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin report that the molecule known as TRAIL can limit excessive immune responses in bacterial meningitis, and as such may be of use to control inflammation of the spinal cord and brain, which causes brain cell death in this life-threatening disease.
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- Cell wall of pneumonia bacteria can cause brain and heart damage
10-23-2006 · EurekAlert!
Investigators at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have discovered in mouse models how cell walls from certain pneumonia-causing bacteria can cause fatal heart damage; researchers have also shown how antibiotic therapy can contribute to this damage by increasing the number of cell wall pieces shed by dying bacteria.
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- Neuron cell stickiness may hold key to evolution of the human brain
11-02-2006 · EurekAlert!
The stickiness of human neurons may have been a key factor in why the human brain evolved beyond the brains of our primate relatives. In a study comparing the genomes of humans, chimpanzees and other vertebrates, researchers at the US Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and Joint Genome Institute (JGI) found a strikingly high degree of genetic differences in DNA sequences that appear to regulate genes involved in nerve cell adhesion molecules.
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- Brain networks strengthened by closing ion channels
04-20-2007 · EurekAlert!
Yale School of Medicine and University of Crete School of Medicine researchers report in Cell April 20 the first evidence of a molecular mechanism that dynamically alters the strength of higher brain network connections involved in working memory. This discovery may help the development of drug therapies for the cognitive deficits of normal aging, and for cognitive changes in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
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- Modern brains have an ancient core
06-29-2007 · EurekAlert!
Researchers from the European Molecular Biology Laboratory now reveal that the hypothalamus and its hormones are not purely vertebrate inventions, but have their evolutionary roots in marine, worm-like ancestors. In this week's issue of the journal Cell they report that hormone-secreting brain centres are much older than expected and likely evolved from multifunctional cells of the last common ancestor of vertebrates, flies and worms.
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- How many genes does it take to learn? Lessons from sea slugs
12-28-2006 · EurekAlert!
At any given time within just a single brain cell of sea slug known as Aplysia, more than 10,000 genes are active, according to scientists writing in Cell. Researchers also analyzed 146 human genes implicated in 168 neurological disorders, including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, and genes controlling aging and stem-cell differentiation. They found 104 counterpart genes in Aplysia, suggesting it will be a valuable tool for developing treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.
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- Researchers develop marker that identifies energy-producing centers in nerve cells
02-01-2007 · EurekAlert!
A protein that causes coral to glow is helping researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine to light up brain cells that are critical for the proper functioning of the central nervous system. This fluorescent marker protein may shed light on brain cell defects believed to play a role in various neurological diseases.
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- Brain networks strengthened by closing ion channels
04-20-2007 · EurekAlert!
Yale School of Medicine and University of Crete School of Medicine researchers report in Cell April 20 the first evidence of a molecular mechanism that dynamically alters the strength of higher brain network connections.
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- Females more prone to brain damage from alcohol abuse
07-25-2007 · EurekAlert!
Alcoholism has traditionally been considered a male disease because there are many more alcoholic males than females. But a study by researchers at Oregon Health & Science University and the Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center suggests that women are more prone to brain damage from alcohol abuse than men. The study found that female mice are more susceptible to neurotoxic effects of alcohol withdrawal, including significantly increased brain cell death, than male mice.
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- Neural stem cells lend the brain a surprising capacity for self-repair
12-14-2006 · EurekAlert!
The brain contains stem cells with a surprising capacity for repair, researchers report in the Dec. 15 issue of the journal Cell, published by Cell Press. The novel insight into the brain's natural ability to heal might ultimately have clinical implications for the treatment of brain damage, according to the researchers.
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