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Improving outcomes in premature births

The costs due to complications from preterm birth are staggering. In Canada, outlays for specialized care of surviving preterm infants are estimated to be almost $2 billion per year. In a five-year, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical study, researchers found that giving nitroglycerin to mothers who had entered premature labor led to significant improvement in their baby’s health. The results of the study are reported in the January issue of the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology.

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Keywords: outcomes, premature, births, outcome, birth

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1. Low maternal cholesterol tied to premature birth
   10-01-2007 · EurekAlert!
   Pregnant women who have very low cholesterol may face a greater risk of delivering their babies prematurely than women with more moderate cholesterol levels, a team led by the National Human Genome Research Institute reported today. In a study published in the October Pediatrics, the researchers found that low maternal cholesterol levels also may lead to adverse birth outcomes, including premature birth and low birth weight.
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2. Reducing caffeine intake has no effect on birth weight or length of pregnancy
   01-25-2007 · EurekAlert!
   There is no evidence that moderate levels of caffeine consumption during pregnancy lead to a greater risk of premature births and underweight babies despite warnings from some public health officials, finds a new study online today.
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3. Vaginal progesterone gel may improve infant outcomes and...
   10-02-2007 · EurekAlert!
   A study just published in the October issue of The White Journal supports findings from last month's New England Journal of Medicine that progesterone reduces preterm birth among women with a short cervix. This is the first and only preterm birth prevention study associated with significant improvements in clinical measures of infant outcome -- with a reduction in newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care units, as well as shorter stays in the NICU for babies whose mothers were treated with vaginal progesterone gel.
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4. Premature births may be linked to seasonal levels of pesticides and nitrates in surface water
   05-07-2007 · EurekAlert!
   The growing premature birth rate in the United States appears to be strongly associated with increased use of pesticides and nitrates, according to work conducted by Paul Winchester, M.D., of Indiana University School of Medicine. Preterm birth rates peaked when pesticides and nitrates measurements in surface water were highest -- April-July -- and were lowest when nitrates and pesticides were lowest -- August-September.
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5. Progesterone injections do not prevent preterm birth in twin pregnancies
   08-01-2007 · EurekAlert!
   Weekly progesterone injections do not prevent premature births in women pregnant with twins, a University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill study has found.
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6. New Study: Preterm Birth Causes One-third Of All Infant Deaths
   10-05-2006 · ScienceDaily
   Nearly twice as many babies died because they were born premature than official government statistics indicate, according to a new analysis of birth and death certificates. Preterm birth, birth at less than 37 completed weeks gestation, contributed to more than one-third of infant deaths within the first year of life in 2002. The findings confirms the urgent role preventing preterm birth can play in improving infant mortality in the United States.
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7. Higher risk of death for babies born just a few weeks early, study finds
   11-12-2007 · EurekAlert!
   Just a few more weeks of pregnancy may mean the difference between life and death for premature babies. While babies born late preterm often are considered healthy, they have higher risks of complications at birth than babies born full term. Studies have shown that late preterm infants have a greater risk of respiratory problems, feeding difficulties, temperature instability, jaundice and that their brains are less developed than full term infants.
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8. Male births are more likely to reduce quality of life and increase severe post-natal depression
   02-13-2008 · EurekAlert!
   Women who give birth to boys are more likely to suffer from post-natal depression and reduced quality of life. What marks this study out is that, unlike previous research, the women who took part didn't face any cultural pressures over the sex of their baby. And women reported lower quality of life following the birth of a boy, even if they didn't suffer from depression.
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9. Virgin Birth: Shark has daughter without a dad
   05-26-2007 · Science News Online
   DNA testing of two sharks confirms an instance of reproduction without mating, adding a fifth major vertebrate lineage to those known for occasional virgin births.
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10. Gene-chip studies provide new leads in treating lung disease of premature newborns
    10-03-2007 · EurekAlert!
    Some 20 to 40 percent of extremely premature infants suffer abnormal lung development leading to bronchopulmonary dysplasia, a chronic lung disease that can cause long-term breathing problems. Little is known about how to predict whether a premature infant will develop BPD in the weeks after birth, much less how to prevent or treat it. Now, gene-chip studies of these tiny babies’ umbilical cords provide unexpected, much-needed leads into predicting and treating this debilitating condition.
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