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Short chromosomes put cancer cells in forced rest

A Johns Hopkins team has stopped in its tracks a form of blood cancer in mice by engineering and inactivating an enzyme, telomerase, thereby shortening the ends of chromosomes, called telomeres.

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Keywords: short, chromosomes, put, cancer, cells, forced, rest, chromosome, cell

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1. Researchers shed light on shrinking of chromosomes
   06-11-2007 · EurekAlert!
   Now researchers from the European Molecular Biology Laboratory for the first time tracked chromosome condensation in mammalian cells over the entire course of cell division. In this week's advanced online publication of Nature Cell Biology they report crucial new insights into timing, function and molecular basis of chromosome condensation.
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2. DNA ends: Common tool, different job
   02-13-2007 · EurekAlert!
   Every time a cell repairs or replicates its DNA, the resulting single strand is wrapped up by a dedicated protein complex. In eukaryotes or organisms whose cells have a nucleus, this job is handled by a tripartite complex called replication protein A (RPA). Researchers at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies have now unearthed a novel RPA-like complex that specifically homes in on the short single-stranded DNA "tail" end of yeast chromosomes.
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3. FISH-ing for links between cancer and aging
   02-05-2007 · EurekAlert!
   Wielding a palette of chromosome paints, scientists at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies have taken a step closer to understanding the relationship between aging and cancer by visualizing chromosomes of cells from patients with a heritable premature aging disease known as Werner Syndrome.
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4. Protein found to shield pancreatic cancer cells from self-destruction
   03-20-2007 · EurekAlert!
   An overexpressed protein protects human pancreatic cancer cells from being forced to devour themselves, removing one of the body's natural defenses against out-of-control cell growth, researchers at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center report in the March issue of Molecular Cancer Research.
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5. New function for colon cancer gene found
   01-17-2008 · EurekAlert!
   Dartmouth Medical School geneticists have discovered a striking turnabout role for a gatekeeper known to put on the brakes for colon cancer. Flaws in a gene called adenomatous polyposis coli, which normally prevents excessive cell growth, are thought to trigger development of most colorectal cancers. But in an about face, the tumor suppressor gene also has a second task, the researchers found, as a gas pedal that accelerates signaling between cells.
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6. Evolution and the workaround
   12-10-2006 · EurekAlert!
   At the American Society for Cell Biology 2006 conference, scientists will describe new research indicating that both yeast and cancer cells evolve chromosome duplications to work around lethal stresses.
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7. New telomere discovery could help explain why cancer cells never stop dividing
   10-04-2007 · EurekAlert!
   A group working at the Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in collaboration with the University of Pavia has discovered that telomeres, the repeated DNA-protein complexes at the end of chromosomes that progressively shorten every time a cell divides, also contain RNA. This discovery, published online Oct. 4 in Science Express, calls into question our understanding of how telomeres function, and may provide a new avenue of attack for stopping telomere renewal in cancer cells.
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8. Team finds way to create cancer stem cells
   08-13-2007 · Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
   MIT scientists and colleagues have found a way to create in the lab large amounts of cancer stem cells, or cells that can initiate tumors. The work, reported in the August 13 issue of Cancer Cell, could be a boon to researchers who study these elusive cells.
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9. Novel vaccine concept developed by scientists at the Wistar Institute
   01-31-2008 · EurekAlert!
   A new vaccine design strategy developed by scientists at the Wistar Institute could help to develop vaccines against diseases like AIDS and cervical cancer. The secret is using a herpes simplex protein called glycoprotein D to block a receptor molecule on antigen-presenting cells. Wistar scientists showed that vaccine vectors made by fusing glycoprotein D with genes from HIV and HPV antigens increase the immune system's response to those antigens in cell cultures and mice.
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10. St. Jude study yields secrets of chromosome movement
    06-14-2007 · EurekAlert!
    Investigators at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have used the lowly yeast to gain insights into how a dividing human cell ensures that an identical set of chromosomes gets passed on to each new daughter cell.
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