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The brain is more adept at using the nose than previously realized
04-27-2007 · EurekAlert!Brains are able to adjust automatically to the demands of distinguishing between small differences in smell, new research at the University of Chicago shows. The research, which was conducted on rats, suggests that the human brain may be more adept at distinguishing smells than previously thought.
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Keywords: brain, adept, nose, previously, realized
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- Einstein researchers find that a commonly found contaminant may harm nursing infants
12-03-2007 · EurekAlert!
Scientists at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University have shown that perchlorate -- an industrial pollutant linked to thyroid ailments -- is actively concentrated in breast milk. Their findings suggest that perchlorate contamination of drinking water may pose a greater health risk than previously realized. The study appears in the Dec. 3-7 advance online issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
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- Largest-ever search for autism genes reveals new clues
02-18-2007 · EurekAlert!
The largest search for autism genes to date has implicated components of the brain's glutamate chemical messenger system and a previously overlooked site on chromosome 11. Based on 1,168 families with at least two affected members, the genome scan adds to evidence that tiny, rare variations in genes may heighten risk for autism spectrum disorders.
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- 'Smart' mice teach scientists about learning process, brain disorders
05-27-2007 · EurekAlert!
Mice genetically engineered to lack a single enzyme in their brains are more adept at learning than their normal cousins, and are quicker to figure out that their environment has changed, a team led by researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center has found.
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- Scientists identify fundamental brain defect, probable drug target in fragile X syndrome
09-17-2007 · EurekAlert!
Scientists have discovered how the gene mutation responsible for fragile X syndrome -- the most common inherited form of mental retardation -- alters the way brain cells communicate. In neurons cultured from laboratory rats, the scientists also were able to reverse the effects of the mutation using a drug targeted to the specific site in an upstream pathway of the defect. The finding could lead to the development of human therapies for this previously untreatable condition.
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- From the corner of the eye: Paying attention to attention
07-05-2007 · EurekAlert!
Every kid knows that moms have "eyes in the back of their heads." We are adept at fixing our gaze on one object while independently directing attention to others. Salk Institute neurobiologists are beginning to tease apart the complex brain networks that enable humans and other higher mammals to achieve this feat.
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- Where's your pain? New insights into how the brain processes pain location
03-27-2007 · EurekAlert!
Is that pain in your chest a heart attack or indigestion? New research from Wake Forest University School of Medicine reveals that more areas of the brain than previously thought are involved in determining the location of pain.
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- Subliminal smells bias perception about a person's likeability
12-06-2007 · EurekAlert!
Anyone who has bonded with a puppy madly sniffing with affection gets an idea of how scents, most not apparent to humans, are critical to a dog's appreciation of her two-legged friends. Now new research from Northwestern University suggests that humans also pick up infinitesimal scents that affect whether or not we like somebody. The smells elicited psychological and physiological changes suggesting that humans get much more information from barely perceptible scents than previously realized.
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- Bacterial infections in premature babies more common than previously realized
01-07-2008 · EurekAlert!
Premature babies are subject to a host of threats that can result in fetal/neonatal disease. In a study published in the January 2008 issue of the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, researchers found that genital mycoplasmas are a frequent cause of congenital fetal infection. 23 percent of neonates born between 23 and 32 weeks of gestation have positive umbilical blood cultures for two genital mycoplasmas (bacteria lacking cell walls): Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis.
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- Adult stem/progenitor cells repair of damaged brain, pancreas, kidney cells newly understood
04-29-2007 · EurekAlert!
New studies in the laboratory of Dr. Darwin J. Prockop, Director of Tulane University’s Center for Gene Therapy, are shedding light on the previously mysterious mechanism through which even relatively small amounts of stem/progenitor cells taken from a patient’s own bone marrow enhance repair of damaged tissues.
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- Role of noise in neurons
05-03-2007 · EurekAlert!
Addressing a current issue in neuroscience, Aldo Faisal and Simon Laughlin from Cambridge University investigate the reliability of thin axons for transmitting information. They show that noise effects in ion channels in the brain are much larger than previously assumed -- meaning the fidelity of transmission is compromised.
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