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Prenatal nicotine exposure can lead to cardiac function reprogramming in adult offspring
05-01-2007 · EurekAlert!New study using laboratory rats provides strong evidence that the effects of maternal smoking during the prenatal period of life can lead to cardiac vascular dysfunction beyond the formative years -- and into adulthood. What's more, the effect of nicotine shows a gender dichotomy with females being more susceptible than males.
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Keywords: prenatal, nicotine, exposure, lead, cardiac, function, reprogramming, adult, offspring
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- Mothers' second-hand smoke exposure linked to psychological problems for kids
06-27-2007 · EurekAlert!
Children whose mothers were exposed to second-hand smoke while they were pregnant have more symptoms of serious psychological problems compared to the offspring of women who had no prenatal exposure to smoke, according to a new University of Washington study.
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- Prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids has long-term deleterious effects on newborns
03-22-2007 · EurekAlert!
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom have found that, as for rodents and other nonprimates, prenatal exposure of nonhuman primate African vervet monkeys (Chloroceus aethiops) to glucocorticoids has long-lasting deleterious effects on cardiovascular, metabolic, and neuroendocrine function. These data suggest that both repeated glucocorticoid therapy and severe maternal stress late in gestation are likely to have long-term deleterious effects on developing human fetuses.
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- Stem cell therapy shows promise in regenerating damaged muscle in heart attack patients
03-27-2007 · EurekAlert!
Heart attack patients who received an new intravenous adult stem cell therapy, Provacel, experienced a lower number of adverse events, such as cardiac arrhythmias, and had significant improvements in heart, lung and global function compared to those who received a placebo, according to six-month Phase I study data presented at the American College of Cardiology's Innovation in Intervention: i2 Summit in New Orleans on March 25.
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- Older-adult dieting won't lead to reduced physical function, research suggests
05-04-2007 · EurekAlert!
Unintentional weight loss in older adults often leads to frailty, a decline in physical function and even death. So is it wise for older, overweight women to embark on a weight loss program? New research from Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center suggests that these women are better off trying to lose weight -- even if they regain some of it.
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- Moderate prenatal exposure to alcohol and stress in monkeys can cause touch sensitivity
02-07-2008 · EurekAlert!
A new study that exposed monkeys to moderate levels of alcohol and stress in pregnancy found increased sensitivity to touch in the monkeys' babies. Using a brain neuro-imaging technique, the researchers found that sensitivities to touch were related to changes in the brain chemical dopamine one area of the brain. Since sensitivity to touch in human children can lead to behavioral and emotional problems, this research has important implications for preventing childhood disorders.
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- Research explains how lead exposure produces learning deficits
04-03-2007 · EurekAlert!
Exposure to levels of lead that are similar to those measured in lead-intoxicated children reduces the birth and survival of new neurons (neurogenesis) in the brain. A study of young adult rats by researchers from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health provides evidence that explains exactly how exposure to lead during brain development produces learning deficits.
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- Prenatal alcohol exposure alters brain activity in the frontal-striatal areas
07-24-2007 · EurekAlert!
Heavy prenatal alcohol exposure does not always lead to fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS); sometimes it can lead to cognitive and behavioral deficits in the absence of craniofacial features needed to make an FAS diagnosis. A new study has found that children and adolescents prenatally exposed to alcohol have altered responses in frontal-striatal areas, brain regions that may inhibit behavior.
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- Prenatal exposure to maternal antibodies linked to autistic behaviors in offspring
02-11-2008 · EurekAlert!
New research from the UC-Davis M.I.N.D. Institute shows that an interaction between fetal brain cells and maternal antibodies could be linked with the repetitive behavior -- also called stereotypies -- that is characteristic of autism. While additional studies are needed to confirm the outcome, this result leads investigators to suspect that brain-directed antibodies during the prenatal period could be a causal factor for the disorder.
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- MIT: Prenatal arsenic exposure detected in newborns
11-22-2007 · EurekAlert!
MIT researchers have found that the children of mothers whose water supplies were contaminated with arsenic during their pregnancies harbored gene expression changes that may lead to cancer and other diseases later in life. In addition to establishing the potential harmful effects of these prenatal exposures, the new study also provides a possible method for screening populations to detect signs of arsenic contamination.
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- Stem cells derived from adult testes produce wide range of tissue types
09-19-2007 · EurekAlert!
After a decade of research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute scientists have succeeded in reprogramming adult stem cells from the testes of male mice into functional blood vessels and contractile cardiac tissue. The research offers a promising new source of stem cells for use in organ regeneration studies.
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