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Ecology in an era of globalization

05-02-2007 · EurekAlert!

In a special issue, scientists from the Americas explore ecology in an era of globalization, looking at the impacts of human migration, production systems, and invasive species on ecosystems and people throughout North, Central, and South America.

Keywords: ecology, era, globalization

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Blue eyes -- A clue to paternity
10-23-2006 · EurekAlert!
Before you request a paternity test, spend a few minutes looking at your child's eye color. According to studies, published this week in Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, the human eye color reflects a simple, predictable and reliable genetic pattern of inheritance. The researchers show that blue-eyed men find blue-eyed women most attractive. According to the researchers, it is because there could be an unconscious male adaptation for the detection of paternity, based on eye color.
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Alpine bird numbers on the slide due to high-altitude ski runs
01-16-2007 · EurekAlert!
High-altitude ski runs are seriously affecting Alpine birds, ecologists have found for the first time. Writing in the January issue of the Journal of Applied Ecology, Italian ecologists warn that ski pistes above the tree line result in fewer species and lower numbers of birds compared with natural grassland at similar altitudes. Ski developers should use new, environmentally-friendly techniques when constructing pistes in future, they say.
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Delayed breeding is not necessarily costly to lifetime reproductive success
04-05-2007 · EurekAlert!
Using 24 years of data from the longest-running study of a cooperative bird species on the African continent, researchers at the Universities of Bristol and Cape Town have cast doubt on one of the biggest assumptions in behavioral ecology: that a delayed start to breeding is necessarily costly to reproductive success.
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Rising surface ozone reduces plant growth and adds to global warming
07-25-2007 · EurekAlert!
Scientists have today released new findings that could have major implications for food production and global warming in the 21st century. Experts from the Met Office, the University of Exeter and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, have found that projections of increasing ozone near the Earth’s surface could lead to significant reductions in regional plant production and crop yields. Surface ozone also damages plants, affecting their ability to soak up carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and accelerating global warming.
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Green roofs offer energy savings, storm-water control
11-01-2007 · EurekAlert!
An article in the November 2007 issue of BioScience describes green roofs -- roofs with a vegetated surface and substrate. Although more expensive to construct than a typical roof, a green roof can reduce energy costs during a building's lifetime and control storm-water runoff. Green roofs also provide havens for wildlife. Further research into their ecology and improved cost-benefit models could spur more widespread adoption of the technology.
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Urban ecology: taking measure of the coming megacity's impact
02-07-2008 · EurekAlert!
If you are reading this, chances are that you live in a city -- one, perhaps, on its way to becoming a megacity with a population that exceeds 10 million or more. What shape could these future cities take and how will their populations meet environmental and resource challenges? An article, "Global Change and the Ecology of Cities," published in the journal Science on Feb. 8, 2008, by Arizona State University ecologist Nancy Grimm and her colleagues, addresses these questions.
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Ancient slowpoke
03-03-2007 · Science News Online
A 1-centimeter-long, 505-million-year-old fossil from British Columbia represents a creature that joins two lineages of marine invertebrates from that era that scientists previously hadn't linked.
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Exclusion of common bile duct stones prior to gallstone operations
10-30-2007 · EurekAlert!
In the era of laparoscopic surgery, intra-operative X-ray investigation of bile ducts to identify coexisting common bile duct stones has been replaced by new techniques, which, unfortunately, are either too expensive and not available to all patients, or invasive and may result in severe complications. A study recently reported in the Nov. 21 issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology may offer a simple and available measure to solve this problem worldwide.
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Study shows lead-based paint problem isn't isolated to China
09-27-2007 · EurekAlert!
A multinational team of environmental and occupational health researchers has found that consumer paints sold in Nigeria contain dangerously high levels of lead. Increased globalization and outsourcing of manufacturing has drastically increased the likelihood that products with unacceptably high levels of lead are being traded across borders -- including between China and Africa as well into regulated countries like the US.
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Different strategies underlie the ecology of microbial invasions
10-23-2006 · EurekAlert!
Infectious disease can play a key role in mediating the outcome of competition between rival groups, as seen in the effects of disease-bearing conquistadors in the New World -- or, on a much smaller ecological scale, the ability of bacteria to spread their viruses to competing bacteria. In a new study, researchers have compared two different general ways in which bacteria compete with one another, and they have found that each strategy seems to be particularly effective under different ecological circumstances.
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