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Cells' Root: Adult stem cells have a master gene

05-12-2007 · Science News Online

Scientists have found a master gene that allows tissue-regenerating stem cells to retain their regenerative capacity.

Keywords: cells, root, adult, stem, master, gene, cell

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Cells take risks with their identities
07-12-2007 · EurekAlert!
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A new discovery in stem cell research may mean big things for cancer patients in the future. After being the first to genetically map and identify a gene that regulates adult stem cells, the researchers investigated the gene's protein product, Latexin, which can be used to ramp up the body's stem cell count. The team's findings are being published in Nature Genetics.
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Master regulatory gene of epithelial stem cells identified
05-03-2007 · EurekAlert!
The skin's ability to replace the tissue it sloughs off is controlled by a variety of genes. A new study from Harvard Medical School published in the May 4 issue of Cell, however, identifies a "master regulator" of this regeneration process not only for skin, but for many epithelial tissues including breast, prostate, and urogenital tract. This master regulator of epithelial stem cells turns out to be the p63 gene, a close relative to the well-known tumor-suppressing p53 gene.
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Reprogrammed adult cells treat sickle-cell anemia in mice
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Loss of stem cells correlates with premature aging in animal study
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Researchers at the Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute of the University of Pennsylvania have found that deleting a gene important in embryo development leads to premature aging and loss of stem cell reservoirs in adult mice. This gene, ATR, is essential for the body's response to damaged DNA, and mutations in proteins in the DNA damage response underlie certain types of cancer and other disorders in humans.
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A team of Canadian scientists has identified 1,155 genes under the control of a gene called Oct4 considered to be the master regulator of the stem cell state. The study will be published in the June 20 edition of the online, open-access journal PLoS ONE.
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12-12-2007 · EurekAlert!
Scientists report that adult stem cells isolated from humans with muscular dystrophy can be genetically corrected and used to induce functional improvement when transplanted into a mouse model of the disease. The research, published by Cell Press in the December issue of Cell Stem Cell, represents a significant advance toward the future development of a gene therapy that uses a patient's own cells to treat this devastating muscle-wasting disease.
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Skeletal progenitor cells differentiate into cartilage cells when one master gene actually suppresses the action of another. Skeletons are made of bone and cartilage cells that are differentiated from the same multipotent stem cell, which gives rise to bone, cartilage, fat and fibroblasts.
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New research dismisses the notion that adult stem cells are necessary for successful animal cloning, proving instead that cells that have completely evolved to a specific type not only can be used for cloning purposes, but they may be better and more efficient. As proof, researchers report they created two mouse pups from a type of blood cell that itself is incapable of dividing to produce a second generation of its own kind.
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Mice cloned from skin cells
02-12-2007 · EurekAlert!
Healthy and viable mice that survive until adulthood have, for the first time, been cloned from adult stem cells. The scientists used keratinocyte stem cells, which represent a new model system for cloning. Keratinocytes come from the skin, making them a particularly attractive stem cell source because of their ready accessibility. One day, they could be used to tailor therapies, as well as to better understand and treat diseases.
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