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Jet lag: It's all about chemical reactions in cells
05-22-2007 · EurekAlert!New research by Cornell and Dartmouth researchers explains the biological mechanism behind how circadian clocks sense light through a process that transfers energy from light to chemical reactions in cells.
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Keywords: jet, lag, chemical, reactions, cells, reaction, cell
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- Chemical compound found in tree bark stimulates growth, survival of brain cells
10-01-2007 · EurekAlert!
Researchers have identified a compound in tree bark that mimics the chemical reactions of a naturally occurring molecule in the brain responsible for stimulating neuronal cell signaling. The tree bark compound, known as gambogic amide, behaves much like Nerve Growth Factor, a molecule found in the brain. NGF binds to TrkA, a neuronal receptor, and activates neuronal signaling. It is known that the loss of TrkA density correlates with neuronal atrophy and severe cognitive impairment such as that associated with Alzheimer's disease.
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- 'Quiet revolution' may herald new RNA therapeutics
01-21-2007 · EurekAlert!
Scientists at the University of Oxford have identified a surprising way of switching off a gene involved in cell division. The mechanism involves a form of RNA, a chemical found in cell nuclei, whose role was previously unknown, and could have implications for preventing the growth of tumour cells.
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- Investigating the failure mechanisms of fuel cells will improve their durability
11-28-2007 · EurekAlert!
Researchers in the Georgia Tech Research Institute's Center for Innovative Fuel Cell and Battery Technologies believe that understanding how and why fuel cells fail is the key to both reducing cost and improving durability. The problems they are addressing include chemical attack of the membrane, carbon corrosion and platinum instability.
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- Soft-cell approach cuts animal tests
02-06-2007 · EurekAlert!
A new way to test the safety of the air we breathe is proving faster, cheaper and more humane than exposing laboratory animals to airborne chemical hazards, say UNSW scientists. Researchers at the university's Chemical Safety and Applied Toxicology Laboratories have developed an animal-free alternative that exposes living human cells to air pollutants inside a small chamber. The breakthrough could fast-track scientific understanding of the threat to human health posed by thousands of airborne chemical compounds.
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- New use for stem cells found in war on terrorism
09-25-2007 · EurekAlert!
For more than a decade, Steve Stice has dedicated his research using embryonic stem cells to improving the lives of people with degenerative diseases and debilitating injuries. His most recent discovery, which produces billions of neural cells from a few stem cells, could now aid in national security. In collaboration with the US Naval Research Laboratory, Stice hopes to use his recently developed neural cell kits to detect chemical threats.
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- What emotional memories are made of
10-04-2007 · EurekAlert!
Both extensive psychological research and personal experiences confirm that events that happen during heightened states of emotion such as fear, anger and joy are far more memorable than less dramatic occurrences. In a report this week in Cell, Johns Hopkins researchers and their collaborators have identified the likely biological basis for this: a hormone released during emotional arousal "primes" nerve cells to remember events by increasing their chemical sensitivity at sites where nerves rewire to form new memory circuits.
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- New technique captures chemical reactions in a single living cell at unprecedented resolution
11-19-2007 · EurekAlert!
A team of UC Berkeley bioengineers have developed a technique that for the first time enables the detection of chemical signals from biomolecules in a single living cell with unprecedented resolution. By coupling metallic nanoparticles with biomolecules, researchers can obtain information critical to cell-based drug discovery, early disease detection and biomedical diagnostics.
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- Brookhaven lab scientists stabilize platinum electrocatalysts for use in fuel cells
01-12-2007 · EurekAlert!
Platinum is the most efficient electrocatalyst for accelerating chemical reactions in fuel cells for electric vehicles. In reactions during the stop-and-go driving of an electric car, however, the platinum dissolves, which reduces its efficiency as a catalyst. This is a major impediment for vehicle-application of fuel cells.Now, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have overcome this problem.
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- Pittsburgh-based team engineers muscle, bone cell differentiation with aid of ink-jet printer
12-10-2006 · EurekAlert!
A team of researchers from Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh has created and used an innovative ink-jet system to print "bio-ink" patterns that direct muscle-derived stem cells from adult mice to differentiate into both muscle cells and bone cells. The results, which could revolutionize the design of replacement body tissues, will be presented Sunday, Dec. 10 at the 46th annual meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology in San Diego.
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- Chemical switch triggers critical cell activities
01-16-2007 · EurekAlert!
The freeze-frame image of a molecular relay race, in which one enzyme passes off a protein like a baton to another enzyme, has solved a key mystery to how cells control some vital functions, according to investigators at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. A report on this work appears in the January 14 advanced online publication issue of Nature.
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